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2022艺术市场研究报告( 英文 279页)

2022-08-01

2022艺术市场研究报告( 英文 279页)

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The Art Market 2022

Index

Tables and Figures 3

Acknowledgments 9

Director’s Foreword 11

Foreword by UBS 12

Key Findings 14

1 The Global Art Market in 2021

Key Findings 21

1.1 | Overview of Global Sales 23

1.2 | Regional Market Performance 28

1.3 | Online Sales 36

1.4 | Art and NFTs in 2021 40

2 Dealers

Key Findings 61

2.1 | Dealers Surveyed in 2021 63

2.2 | Dealer Sales 68

2.3 | Dealer Margins 80

2.4 | Buyers 84

2.5 | Art Fairs 89

2.6 | Online Sales and Strategies 104

2.7 | Outlook for the Dealer Sector 115

3 Auctions

Key Findings 120

3.1 | Auction Sales in 2021 122

3.2 | Online Auction Sales 135

3.3 | Price Segmentation in Fine Art Auctions 148

3.4 | Fine Art Sectors 156

3.5 | Post-War and Contemporary Art 161

3.6 | Modern Art 171

3.7 | Impressionism and Post-Impressionism 176

3.8 | Old Masters and European Old Masters 181

4 Collectors

Key Findings 189

4.1 | Global Wealth in 2021 191

4.2 | Wealth Distribution and Millionaires 195

4.3 | Billionaires in 2021 199

4.4 | HNW Collector Survey 203

4.5 | Description of the HNW Collector Sample 209

4.6 | The Content of Collections 213

4.7 | Expenditure on Art in 2021 220

4.8 | Expenditure on Digital Art and NFTs 229

4.9 | Buying Channels for HNW Collectors in 2021 234

4.10 | HNW Collector Perceptions and

Motivations 246

4.11 | HNW Collectors’ Concerns in 2021 251

5 Outlook

Key Findings 254

5.1 | Conclusions 255

5.2 | Outlook for 2022 260

Tables and Figures

1 The Global Art Market in 2021

Figure 1.1 | Sales in the Global Art Market 2009–2021 25

Figure 1.2 | Growth in Sales by Value in the Global Art and Antiques Market 2009–2021 26

Figure 1.3 | Global Art Market Share by Value in 2021 28

Figure 1.4 | Global Art Market Share of the US, UK, and Greater China 2012–2021 29

Figure 1.5 | Sales in the Major Art Markets 2009–2021 30

Figure 1.6 | Online Sales of Art and Antiques 2013–2021 36

Figure 1.7 | Share of Online Sales in the Art Market versus General Retail 2016–2021 37

Figure 1.8 | Share of Value of Art and Collectibles in All NFT Sales 2019–2021 41

Figure 1.9 | Sales of Art and Collectibles NFTs 2019–2021 42

Figure 1.10 | Share of Primary Versus Secondary Sales of Art NFTs 2019–2021 43

Figure 1.11 | Share of Primary versus Secondary Sales of Collectibles NFTs 2019–2021 44

Figure 1.12 | Monthly Values Traded in Art and Collectibles NFTs 2019–2022 45

2 Dealers

Figure 2.1 | Annual Sales Turnover of Survey Respondents in 2021 65

Figure 2.2 | Dealers’ Number of Years in Business in 2021 66

Figure 2.3 | Average Change in Sales Values by Dealer Turnover Segment 2020–2021 69

Figure 2.4 | Average and Median Sales in the Primary versus Secondary Markets 2020–2021 71

Figure 2.5 | Average Change in Turnover by Dealer Sector 2020–2021 73

Figure 2.6 | Fine Art Dealers’ Share of Sales by Value and Medium in 2021 74

Figure 2.7 | Share of Dealers Selling NFTs in 2021 75

Figure 2.8 | Share of the Volume of Sales by Dealers 2019–2021 76

Figure 2.9 | Share of the Volume of Sales by Price Bracket in 2021 76

Figure 2.10 | Dealers’ Outlook for Sales in 2022 78

Figure 2.11 | Share of Total Costs for Dealers 2020 versus 2021 81

Figure 2.12 | Change in (Net) Profitability 2020 versus 2021 82

Figure 2.13 | Number of Buyers in 2021 85

Figure 2.14 | Share of Dealer Sales to Buyer Groups by Purchase History in 2021 86

Figure 2.15 | Share of Dealer Sales by Buyer Type in 2021 87

Figure 2.16 | Share of the Value of Dealer Sales by Sales Channel 90

Figure 2.17 | Share of the Value of Art Fair Sales by Dealers by Year and Level of Turnover 2019–2021 91

Figure 2.18 | Average Number of Gallery Exhibitions by Year and Level of Turnover 2019–2022 93

Figure 2.19 | Art Fairs Held 2019, 2020, and 2021 94

Figure 2.20 | Number of Art Fairs Held by Region in 2020 and 2021 96

Figure 2.21 | Change in Visitor Numbers 2019 versus 2021 – Selected Fairs 97

Figure 2.22 | Change in Exhibitor Numbers 2019 versus 2021 – Selected Fairs 99

Figure 2.23 | Average Number of Art Fairs by Year and Level of Turnover 2019–2022 100

Figure 2.24 | Dealers’ Outlook for Art Fair Sales in 2022 102

Figure 2.25 | Dealers’ Share of Online Sales in 2019, 2020, and 2021 104

Figure 2.26 | Average Share of the Value of Dealer Sales Made Online in 2019, 2020, and 2021

by Level of Turnover 105

Figure 2.27 | Share of the Value of Online Sales by Dealers by Buyer Category in 2021 107

Figure 2.28 | Share of Online Sales by Buyer Category and Level of Dealer Turnover in 2021 108

Figure 2.29 | Online Strategies Used by Dealers in 2020, 2021, and Planned for 2022 109

Figure 2.30 | Most Helpful Online Strategies for Dealers in 2021 110

Figure 2.31 | Share of Dealers Engaged in Online and Offline Collaborations in 2020, 2021, and Planned for 2022 113

Figure 2.32 | Dealers’ Outlook for Online Sales in 2022 115

Figure 2.33 | Dealers’ Views on the Permanence of Pandemic-Led Changes 117

Figure 2.34 | Top Five Business Priorities for Dealers 2019–2023 118

3 Auctions

Table 3.1 | Website Metrics of Selected Auction Aggregators and Auction Houses in 2021 142

Table 3.2 | Annual Growth and Share of Auction Sales by Price Segment 2019–2021 151

Table 3.3 | Global Market Share: Old Masters Auction Market in 2021 183

Figure 3.1 | Global Auction Sales 2019–2021 123

Figure 3.2 | Global Public Auction Market Share by Value in 2021 124

Figure 3.3 | Second-Tier Auction House Share of Sales by Sales Channel in 2021 130

Figure 3.4 | Number of Buyers in 2021 by Second-Tier Auction House Turnover Level 131

Figure 3.5 | Share of Second-Tier Auction House Sales to Buyers by Purchase Historyin 2021 132

Figure 3.6 | Change in Net Profits for Second-Tier Auction Houses 2021 versus 2020 133

Figure 3.7 | Increase in Share of Online-Only Sales: Sotheby’s, Christie’s, and Phillips 2009–2021 136

Figure 3.8 | Share of Online Sales by Second-Tier Auction House Annual Turnover in 2021 139

Figure 3.9 | Share of Sales via ATG’s Art and Antiques Platforms 2020–2021 140

Figure 3.10 | Share of Sales via LiveAuctioneers.com 2019–2021 140

Figure 3.11 | Change in Global Website Traffic Ranking 2017 versus 2021 143

Figure 3.12 | Share of Online Lots Sold at Fine Art Auctions in 2021 144

Figure 3.13 | Share of Online Lots Sold at Fine Art Auctions in 2021 by Price Segment 145

Figure 3.14 | Share of Online Lots Sold in Total Sales at Fine Art Auctions in 2021 by Price Segment 146

Figure 3.15 | Share of Lots Sold and Total Values at Fine Art Auctions in 2021 by Price Bracket 148

Figure 3.16 | Growth of Sales by Value in Auction Price Segments 2005–2021 150

Figure 3.17 | Market Share in Auction Price Segments 2009–2021 152

Figure 3.18 | Market Share of the Fine Art Auction Market by Price Segment in 2021 153

Figure 3.19 | Market Share by Value of the Fine Art Auction Market: Selected Years 2000–2021 158

Figure 3.20 | Market Share by Sector of the Fine Art Auction Market in 2021 159

Figure 3.21 | Post-War and Contemporary Art Auction Sales: 2009–2021 161

Figure 3.22 | Market Share of the Post-War and Contemporary Sector in 2021 162

Figure 3.23 | Sales in the Post-War and Contemporary Sector Key Markets 2009–2021 163

Figure 3.24 | Sales by Price Bracket in the Post-War and Contemporary Sector in 2021 164

Figure 3.25 | Sales of Works by Living versus Deceased Post-War and Contemporary Artists 2017–2021 165

Figure 3.26 | Share of Sales by Living versus Deceased Post-War and Contemporary Artists in 2021 166

Figure 3.27 | Share of Sales within the Post-War and Contemporary Sector in 2021:

Living and Deceased Artists’ Works 167

Figure 3.28 | Share of Sales of Living Artists’ Works by Price Bracket in 2021 169

Figure 3.29 | Modern Art Auction Sales 2009–2021 171

Figure 3.30 | Market Share of the Modern Art Sector in 2021 172

Figure 3.31 | Sales in the Modern Art Sector Key Markets 2009–2021 173

Figure 3.32 | Share of Sales in the Modern Art Sector by Price Bracket in 2021 174

Figure 3.33 | Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Auction Sales 2009–2021 176

Figure 3.34 | Market Share of the Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Sector in 2021 177

Figure 3.35 | Sales in the Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Sector Key Markets

2009–2021 178

Figure 3.36 | Sales by Price Bracket in the Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Sector

in 2021 179

Figure 3.37 | Old Masters Auction Sales 2009–2021 182

Figure 3.38 | Sales in the Old Masters Sector Key Markets 2009–2021 184

Figure 3.39 | Sales in the Old Masters Sector by Price Bracket in 2021 186

4 Collectors

Figure 4.1 | Growth and Estimates in Regional and World GDP 2008–2022 193

Figure 4.2 | Change in Consumer Prices (Inflation) and Sales in the Art Market

2000–2022 193

Figure 4.3 | The Distribution of World Wealth in 2021 195

Figure 4.4 | Number and Wealth of Dollar Millionaires 2012–2021 196

Figure 4.5 | Global Share of the Population of Dollar Millionaires in 2021 197

Figure 4.6 | Number and Wealth of Billionaires 2008–2021 199

Figure 4.7 | Global Share of Billionaires in 2021 200

Figure 4.8 | Changes in Billionaire Wealth December 2020–December 2021 201

Figure 4.9 | HNW Collector Survey: Market Summaries 204

Figure 4.10 | HNW Collectors’ Allocation to Art in Overall Portfolio of Wealth in 2021 209

Figure 4.11 | Length of Time Collecting by HNW Collector Location 211

Figure 4.12 | Size of HNW Collector Collections (Number of Works) in 2021 213

Figure 4.13 | Collection Content: Share of Works by Artist Status in 2021 216

Figure 4.14 | Collection Content: Share of Male versus Female Artists’ Works in 2021 217

Figure 4.15 | Collection Content: Share of Works by Medium in 2021 218

Figure 4.16 | Share of HNW Collectors Having Purchased Art, Collectibles, and Luxury Assets in 2020 and 2021 220

Figure 4.17 | Median Number of Purchases by HNW Collectors 2019–2021 221

Figure 4.18 | Median Value of Expenditure by HNW Collectors 2019–2021 222

Figure 4.19 | Share of HNW Collectors Spending over $1 million on Art and Antiques by Wealth Level 2019–2021 223

Figure 4.20 | Median Expenditure by Male versus Female HNW Collectors 2019–2021 225

Figure 4.21 | Most Common Price Range for Purchasing Works of Art in 2021 226

Figure 4.22 | Share of HNW Collector Expenditure on Art by Medium in 2021 229

Figure 4.23 | HNW Collector Average Expenditure on Digital Art in 2021 230

Figure 4.24 | Share of Expenditure by HNW Collectors Who Bought NFTs in 2021 231

Figure 4.25 | HNW Collector Expenditure on NFTs by Generation in 2021 232

Figure 4.26 | Sales Channels used by HNW Collectors for Purchasing in 2021 234

Figure 4.27 | Use of Online Channels for Purchasing by Generation in 2021 236

Figure 4.28 | HNW Collectors’ Average Share of Expenditure by Channel in 2021 237

Figure 4.29 | HNW Collectors’ First Preferences for Purchasing Art in 2021 238

Figure 4.30 | Number of Galleries HNW Collectors Purchased from in 2021 239

Figure 4.31 | Preferences of HNW Collectors for Local versus Overseas Galleries in 2022 241

Figure 4.32 | Share of Galleries that HNW Collectors Purchased From in 2021 by Gallery Focus 242

Figure 4.33 | HNW Collector Focus Regarding Galleries during 2021 243

Figure 4.34 | HNW Collector Focus Regarding Artists during 2021 244

Figure 4.35 | HNW Collector Profiles in 2021 247

Figure 4.36 | Share of HNW Collectors Having Resold Works from Their Collections in 2020 and 2021 248

Figure 4.37 | HNW Collector Motivations for Selling Works from their Collections 249

Figure 4.38 | Top 10 Concerns of HNW Collectors Regarding the Art Market in 2021 251

5 Outlook

Table 5.1 | Outlook of HNW Art Collectors over the Short-, Medium-, and Long-Term 261

Figure 5.1 | HNW Collector Intentions for Purchases and Sales of Art by Generation in 2022 262

Figure 5.2 | HNW Collector Intentions for Purchases of Art by Medium in 2022 263

Figure 5.3 | Dealers’ Outlook for Sales in 2022 264

Figure 5.4 | Second-Tier Auction Houses’ Outlook for Sales in 2022 265

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